Australian companies generally have a flat tax rate of 30% of net income. However, this was reduced to 26% for small business companies (known as base rate entities) with aggregated turnover of less than $50 million for the 2020/21 financial year and to 25% from 2021/22.

Unlike individuals, companies have no tax-free threshold and there is not a marginal tax rate. Companies are also not eligible to the tax offsets that individuals have an entitlement to.

In addition, companies don't benefit from any discount on capital gains they make from the sale of investments. 

Assume your Company XYZ Pty Ltd has business revenue of $400,000, expenses of $280,000 and a capital gain of $40,000 on shares it sold. It qualifies as a small business. 

The taxable income for Company XYZ is calculated in the table opposite.

Tax is then assessed at 25% of $160,000, which is $40,000.